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Title
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Physiological response as a tolerance mechanism to yellow sugarcane aphid (YSA) (S. Flava Forbes) herbivory on selected commercial sugarcane varieties (S. Officinarum)
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Creator
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Sakadzo Nyasha
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Mubvuma M
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Mukanga. C
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Mabveni, A. R. S
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Musundire, R
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Abstract
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Physiological tolerance in response to Yellow Sugarcane Aphid feeding remains an unexplored area in the sugar industry of Zimbabwe and elsewhere. Two treatments of aphid infestation (un-infested (control) and infested) were applied to seven sugarcane genotypes (00-1165, ZN 3 L, ZN 8, ZN 9, 96-1107, N14 and ZN 10). The treatments were laid out in a 7 × 2 factorial arrangement in a complete randomized block design (CRBD), replicated four times and carried out over summer and winter seasons. Highly significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed amongst the sugarcane varieties in percentage chlorophyll loss in control (sprayed) and infested (unsprayed) plots. Great increase in percentage chlorophyll loss (21.4%) was observed on ZN 10. Regression analysis displayed a highly significant (p < 0.001) strong positive correlation (r = 0.85) between chlorophyll loss and aphid number. Summer results showed highly significant differences (p < 0.001) in gas exchange responses in control and infested plots. Nevertheless, in YSA infested plots, 00-1165 recorded the highest compensatory photosynthetic rate (32.52), transpiration rate (4.32), and stomata conductance (218.2) when compared to the least obtained from ZN 10 and N14 at day 28. Significant positive correlations between; chlorophyll loss and photosynthesis (r = 0.44; p = 0.019) and between photosynthesis and aphid number were noticed (r = 0.57; p = 0.002). Ranking of sugarcane varieties was done according to YSA susceptibility; less susceptible (00-1165), moderate susceptible (ZN 3 L, ZN 8 and ZN 9) and highly susceptible (96-1107, N14 and ZN 10). Sugarcane growers should use YSA tolerant varieties as they exhibit physiological compensatory and maintaining behavior.
Keywords
Sugarcane; Physiological; Photosynthesis; Transpiration; Stomata conductance
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Date
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2024
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Source
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International Journal of Tropical Insect Science
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identifier
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DOI: 10.1007/s42690-024-01293-7
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volume
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44
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issue
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4
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pages
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1875-1890
